Jürgen Habermas’ Theory of Communicative Action

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Theory of Communicative Action

Theory of Communicative Action Introduction Jürgen Habermas’ Theory of Communicative Action (TCA) represents a cornerstone in contemporary social theory, offering deep insights into the dynamics of human interaction and societal structures. Published in two volumes in 1981,Theory of Communicative Action addresses the complexities of rationality, communication, and the relationship between individual agency and systemic structures. … Read more

Research Process | 8 Steps of Research Process

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Research Process

Research Process The research process is a series of steps that a researcher follows to make sure his investigation is reliable. These steps really help in gathering the right data and sharing it clearly. 8 Steps of Research Process Here are the main steps of the research process: Identifying the Research Problem First of all, … Read more

Morphology in linguistics

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Morphology in linguistics

Morphology In linguistics, morphology is the study of the structure and formation of words. The word “morphology” entered the English language in the 19th century, borrowed from the German “Morphologie,” which was itself a fusion of the Greek words “morphē” (form) and “logia” (study of). The term was first used in a biological context by … Read more

Critical Theory and Frankfurt School | Origin and Early Development

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Critical theory

Critical Theory Introduction Critical theory is an interdisciplinary approach to understanding and critiquing society, culture, and power structures. Critical theorists examine how societal norms, institutions, and ideologies shape individuals’ experiences and perpetuate oppression. It’s interdisciplinary, drawing from fields such as sociology, political theory, cultural studies, and philosophy to understand and challenge existing social arrangements and … Read more

Orientalism by Edward Said | Shapes and Stereotypes of Orientalism

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Orientalism

Orientalism Introduction “Orientalism” is an influential work by Edward Said, first published in 1978. In this work, Said critiques Western representations of the Orient (East) and argues that they are often based on stereotypes, prejudices, and power dynamics rather than accurate understanding. He analysis how Western literature, art, and culture have contributed to the construction … Read more

Mentalism Theory by Noam Chomsky

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Mentalism Theory by Noam Chomsky

Mentalism Theory by Noam Chomsky Introduction Noam Chomsky’s revolutionary idea of mentalism in linguistics transforms our knowledge of language learning and cognitive processes. In contrast to behaviorist ideas, which link language acquisition to external stimuli and reinforcement, mentalism asserts that humans are born with an innate capacity for language. The Universal Grammar (UG) theory, which … Read more

Behaviorism theory in linguistics

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Behaviorism theory in linguistics

Behaviorism theory   Introduction Behaviorism theory in linguistics focuses on observable behaviors, particularly language use and acquisition. It suggests that language learning is primarily influenced by external stimuli and reinforcement, rather than internal mental processes. This theory emphasizes the role of conditioning and habit formation in language development, highlighting the importance of repetition and reinforcement … Read more

Gynocriticism by Elaine Showalter | Literary Criticism

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Gynocriticism

Gynocriticism | Literary Criticism Introduction Gynocriticism emerged in the late 1970s as part of the broader feminist movement within literary studies. It was a response to the predominance of male-centric literary criticism, which often ignored or marginalized the voices and experiences of women writers. Scholars like Elaine Showalter sought to rectify this imbalance by developing … Read more

Structuralism Theory | Structuralism in Literature

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Structuralism Theory

Structuralism Theory Introduction Structuralism is a theoretical approach in various fields like linguistics, anthropology, psychology, and sociology, aiming to understand phenomena by analyzing the underlying structures that organize them. Developed primarily by Ferdinand de Saussure in linguistics and later expanded by Claude Lévi-Strauss in anthropology, structuralism emphasizes the importance of underlying structures in shaping human … Read more

Michel Foucault’s concept of Power and Knowledge

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Foucault's concept of Power and Knowledge

Foucault’s concept of Power and Knowledge   Michel Foucault Michel Foucault was a French philosopher, social theorist, and historian of ideas, born on October 15, 1926, in Poitiers, France, and died on June 25, 1984, in Paris. His life and work had a significant impact on various fields, including philosophy, sociology, history, and cultural studies. … Read more